FC Stone Commentary


AM Report


PM Report

Tuesday, May 15, 2007

n Recap

CORN:

Values turning in an instructive reversal after USDA indicated national corn planting progress above expectations Monday night. Values perhaps responding to broader fundamental market concerns regarding surging biofuels demand and long term inadequate US acreage prospects. Overnight values sharply lower after USDA indicated that 78% of the corn crop was planted bringing us fully into line with the long term 77% average planting pace. Weekly progress up 25 points. Iowa 77% planted vs 90% normal. Illinois 93% planted vs 83% average. Many now suggesting that USDA might rethink their national average yield forecast after lowering it in last Friday’s report as national planting catches up to average.  Trade will be looking for first weekly national corn crop condition report possibly next Monday. A year ago the crop was rated 66% G/E on that date. Last year the crop was rated from 68 to 71 percent G/E from the first of June until the first week of July when crop conditions began to deteriorate. Trade noting increased talk of developing drought in Henan and Hebei provinces in China , key grain growing areas. Trade also discussing the possibility of initial developing dryness in parts of the northern eastern US corn belt. Precipitation has been lagging normal in northern Illinois and Indiana areas in the last two to three weeks.  Overall subsoil moisture supplies more than fully adequate however. Well followed Chicago weather forecaster highlighting unusual frequency of 90 degree days in Chicago this year.  Trade remains generally nervous over warmer than normal world weather patterns to possibly threaten crop production this summer. So far Chicago temperatures have averaged 7 degrees warmer than a year ago and the 16th warmest first part of the month in 137 years.  China reported exporting 580,000 tons of corn in April vs only 40,000 tons last year.  Cumulative exports this year already 4.22 mmt with annual exports forecasted at no more than 4.5 mmt. Cumulative exports 51% over the pace of last year. Fundamental rejection today of Dec corn near 3.60 may be more of a reflection of long term fundamental market forces. In our Monday night wire we discussed the possibility that traders may internalize the idea of a final planted corn acreage figure near 89 million, down 1.5 million from the incredible forecasted plantings in March. Trade may anticipate some moderate acreage loss due to wet western conditions?? Incorporating this type of yield expectation ahead of the June 29 Acreage report and combining it with a 152.5 yield (the highest forecasted in August ever), we would still find the trade projecting US ending stocks no larger than 900 million bushels. While fully adequate, some would see this as being close to minimum cash pipeline levels. In a very broad sense, perhaps we are seeing the manifestation of a realization that the intention to plant nearly 12 million more corn acres this year (4 times more than any annual acreage switch) may not actually solve the 07-08 supply demand balance and still leaves us vulnerable to an extreme shortage of needed production in 08 and beyond. In our work last night we highlighted the possible need of 5 to 8 million more corn and bean acres needed in 08-09 to keep surging biofuels demand in balance. Barring record favorable weather and yields this coming year, we would see this long term supply demand arithmetic forcing the Secretary of Agriculture to liberalize Conservation Reserve Program dropout rules for 08 plantings. Interesting to review basic fundamentals of CRP acreage currently idled.  Stone Grain Recap

 

 

 

 

Conservation Reserve Program Perspective

Original Base Acreage

Corn 5.6 mln

Wheat 8.7 mln

Soybeans 5.2 mln

 

CRP Acres in Corn Belt States (mln)

IA 2.0

MN 2.0

IL 1.0

NE 1.0

SD 1.5

MO 1.5

TOTAL 9.0

 

Acres Maturing

2008 6.0

2009 4.3

Here we see that we might need virtually all of the key corn and bean acreage in central belt states to satisfy growing acreage and production demands in 08-09. Any failure to open the CRP program or any reluctance on the part of producers to rapidly plant this acreage would find the US facing inadequate production potential in 08-09. Long term climatologists continue to project a relatively neutral Pacific La Nina situation. Some now forecasting analog situations that resulted in both above and below US trend yield results. Drought Monitor maps highlight the current regression of persistent US dryness back into the Rocky Mountain regions. This very similar to the 2004 situation which eventually resulted in a record 160 national yield. A comparable deviation above trend on corn yields this year could find US yield at an incredible 166 bu/acre. Interesting to see new Iowa State study suggesting that cellulosic ethanol from switchgrass or corn stover would not be economically viable under any of their scenarios. Still, President Bush calling for cabinet officials to move forward on plans to quintuple US biofuels production by 2017, but still lacking a viable cellulosic model?? Price action today in a very broad sense continues to reflect market concerns over an out of control biofuels policy in Washington that falls solely on the shoulders of a corn and soybean based model that will require unlikely US acreage expansion over time. Whether or not non US world production can expand at current prices to provide adequate world supplies is yet to be seen. USDA clearly not forecasting that in our first new crop world coarse grain projections last Friday. Generally favorable US corn belt weather forecasted into early June. New 90 day NWS weather forecast expected Thursday. Trade reflecting on possible price scenarios if subtrend yields are achieved this year. $1.00 a bushel plus ethanol margins would find it quickly necessary to trade corn futures towards $5.00 or more to begin any type of legitimate ethanol rationing process.  This could result in a rapid price realignment this summer if any type of suboptimum weather is encountered.

 

SOYBEANS:

Values trading higher as traders continue to reflect on possible inadequacy of US planted acreage into 08-09 and beyond. Fund buying interest continues to be stimulated by USDA 07-08 balance tables that show a 50% decline in US ending soy stocks. Brazilian real currency penetrating the 2 to 1 ratio further depressing local domestic prices there. Trade realizes that we will have to have a strong Western Hemisphere acreage expansion next year to balance world demand. 6 million more Western Hemisphere soy acreage needed annually to balance previous long term demand growth rate with the situation now further complicated by biodiesel demand. Private trade now generally projecting USDA to increase both soy exports and soy crush statistics by 15 to 20 million each in upcoming Supply Demand reports to pull US ending stocks well below 600 million now. USDA reporting 32% of the national soybean crop planted Monday night vs 31% average. China reported importing 2.65 mmt of beans in April vs 2.57 last year. Cumulative imports so far at 15.6 mmt vs 15.0 last year. Cumulative imports seen at 28.3 mmt this year vs 25.8 last year may be overstated. Generally favorable US weather pattern forecasted but trade noting developing dryness in some China soy production areas. Some see longer term USWestern Hemisphere soy acreage situation as being virtually “out of control”. Particularly if Secretary of Agriculture does not liberalize CRP dropout rules for plantings in 2008.  Mediocre northern Brazil soy production economics may not stimulate radical acreage expansion needed there over the coming years. Again it is interesting to consider the fundamental supply demand statistics related to US biodiesel production capacity. If current production capacity planned today is eventually constructed, only a 25% utilization of that capacity in 08-09 would wipe out US soyoil supplies completely. Biodiesel margins must continue to be squeezed to permit only a marginal utilization of planned capacity to maintain any balance in US veg oil supplies.